The Project Gutenberg eBook of 茶經

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Title: 茶經

Author: Yu Lu

Release date: December 21, 2007 [eBook #23949]

Language: Chinese

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 茶經 ***

茶經/唐 陸羽

一之源茶者，南方之嘉木也，一尺二尺，乃至數十尺。其巴山峽川有兩人合抱者，伐而掇之，其樹如瓜蘆，葉如梔子，花如白薔薇，實如栟櫚，葉如丁香，根如胡桃。其字或從草，或從木，或草木並。其名一曰茶，二曰檟，三曰蔎，四曰茗，五曰荈。其地：上者生爛石，中者生櫟壤，下者生黃土。凡藝而不實，植而罕茂，法如種瓜，三歲可採。野者上，園者次；陽崖陰林紫者上，綠者次；筍者上，牙者次；葉捲上，葉舒次。陰山坡穀者不堪採掇，性凝滯，結瘕疾。茶之爲用，味至寒，爲飲最宜精行儉德之人，若熱渴、凝悶、腦疼、目澀、四支煩、百節不舒，聊四五啜，與醍醐、甘露抗衡也。採不時，造不精，雜以卉，莽飲之成疾，茶爲累也。亦猶人參，上者生上黨，中者生百濟、新羅，下者生高麗。有生澤州、易州、幽州、檀州者，爲藥無效，況非此者！設服薺苨，使六疾不瘳。知人參爲累，則茶累盡矣。

二之具籝，一曰籃，一曰籠，一曰筥。以竹織之，受五升，或一鬥、二鬥、三鬥者，茶人負以採茶也。竈無用𥥛者，釜用唇口者。甑，或木或瓦，匪腰而泥，籃以簞之，篾以系之。始其蒸也，入乎簞，既其熟也，出乎簞。釜涸註於甑中，又以穀木枝三亞者制之，散所蒸牙筍並葉，畏流其膏。杵臼，一曰碓，惟恆用者佳。規，一曰模，一曰棬。以鐵制之，或圓或方或花。承，一曰台，一曰砧。以石爲之，不然以槐、桑木半埋地中，遣無所搖動。簷，一曰衣。以油絹或雨衫單服敗者爲之，以簷置承上，又以規置簷上，以造茶也。茶成，舉而易之。芘莉，一曰羸子，一曰篣筤。以二小竹長三赤，軀二赤五寸，柄五寸，以篾織，方眼如圃，人土羅闊二赤，以列茶也。棨，一曰錐刀，柄以堅木爲之，用穿茶也。撲，一曰鞭。以竹爲之，穿茶以解茶也。焙，鑿地深二尺，闊二尺五寸，長一丈，上作短牆，高二尺，泥之。貫，削竹爲之，長二尺五寸，以貫茶焙之。棚，一曰棧，以木構於焙上，編木兩層，高一尺，以焙茶也。茶之半幹升下棚，全幹升上棚。穿，江東淮南剖竹爲之，巴川峽山紉穀皮爲之。江東以一斤爲上穿，半斤爲中穿，四兩五兩爲小穿。峽中以一百二十斤爲上，八十斤爲中穿，五十斤爲小穿。字舊作釵釧之“釧”，字或作貫串，今則不然。如磨、扇、彈、鑽、縫五字，文以平聲書之，義以去聲呼之，其字以穿名之。育，以木製之，以竹編之，以紙糊之，中有隔，上有覆，下有床，傍有門，掩一扇，中置一器，貯煻煨火，令熅熅然，江南梅雨時焚之以火。

三之造凡採茶，在二月三月四月之間。茶之筍者生爛石沃土，長四五寸，若薇蕨始抽，淩露採焉。茶之牙者，發於叢薄之上，有三枝四枝五枝者，選其中枝穎拔者採焉，其日有雨不採，晴有雲不採。晴採之，蒸之，搗之，拍之，焙之，穿之，封之，茶之幹矣。茶有千萬狀，鹵莽而言，如胡人靴者蹙縮然，犎牛臆者廉簷然，浮雲出山者輪菌然，輕飈拂水者涵澹然。有如陶家之子羅，膏土以水澄泚之。又如新治地者，遇暴雨流潦之所經，此皆茶之精腴。有如竹籜者，枝幹堅實，艱於蒸搗，故其形籭簁然；有如霜荷者，至葉凋，沮易其狀貌，故厥狀委萃然，此皆茶之瘠老者也。自採至於封七經目，自胡靴至於霜荷八等，或以光黑平正，言嘉者，斯鑒之下也；以皺黃坳垤言佳者；鑒之次也。若皆言嘉及皆言不嘉者，鑒之上也。何者？出膏者光，含膏者皺，宿制者則黑，日成者則黃，蒸壓則平正，縱之則坳垤，此茶與草木葉一也，茶之否臧，存於口訣。

四之器風爐：風爐以銅鐵鑄之，如古鼎形，厚三分，緣闊九分，令六分虛中，致其圬墁，凡三足。古文書二十一字，一足雲“坎上巽下離於中”，一足雲“體均五行去百疾”，一足雲“聖唐滅胡明年鑄”。其三足之間設三窗，底一窗，以爲通飈漏燼之所，上並古文書六字：一窗之上書“伊公”二字，一窗之上書“羹陸”二字，一窗之上書“氏茶”二字，所謂“伊公羹陸氏茶”也。置墆臬於其內，設三格：其一格有翟焉，翟者，火禽也，畫一卦曰離；其一格有彪焉，彪者，風獸也，畫一卦曰巽；其一格有魚焉，魚者，水蟲也，畫一卦曰坎。巽主風，離主火，坎主水。風能興火，火能熟水，故備其三卦焉。其飾以連葩、垂蔓、曲水、方文之類。其爐或鍛鐵爲之，或運泥爲之，其灰承作三足，鐵柈台之。筥：筥以竹織之，高一尺二寸，徑闊七寸，或用藤作，木楦，如筥形，織之六齣，固眼其底，蓋若利篋口鑠之。炭撾：炭撾以鐵六棱制之，長一尺，銳一豐，中執細頭，系一小釒展，以飾撾也。若今之河隴軍人木吾也，或作鎚，或作斧，隨其便也。火筴：火筴一名箸，若常用者圓直一尺三寸，頂平截，無蔥台勾鎖之屬，以鐵或熟銅制之。鍑：鍑以生鐵爲之，今人有業冶者所謂急鐵。其鐵以耕刀之趄煉而鑄之，內摸土而外摸沙土。滑於內，易其摩滌；沙澀於外，吸其炎焰。方其耳，以正令也；廣其緣，以務遠也；長其臍，以守中也。臍長則沸中，沸中則末易揚，末易揚則其味淳也。洪州以瓷爲之，萊州以石爲之，瓷與石皆雅器也，性非堅實，難可持久。用銀爲之，至潔，但涉於侈麗。雅則雅矣，潔亦潔矣，若用之恆而卒歸於銀也。交床：交床以十字交之，剜中令虛，以支鍑也夾：夾以小青竹爲之，長一尺二寸，令一寸有節，節已上剖之，以炙茶也。彼竹之筱津潤於火，假其香潔以益茶味，恐非林谷間莫之致。或用精鐵熟銅之類，取其久也。紙囊：紙囊以剡藤紙白厚者夾縫之，以貯所炙茶，使不泄其香也。碾：碾以橘木爲之，次以梨、桑、桐柘爲臼，內圓而外方。內圓備於運行也，外方制其傾危也。內容墮而外無餘木，墮形如車輪，不輻而軸焉，長九寸，闊一寸七分，墮徑三寸八分，中厚一寸，邊厚半寸，軸中方而執圓，其拂末以鳥羽制之。羅合：羅末以合蓋貯之，以則置合中，用巨竹剖而屈之，以紗絹衣之，其合以竹節爲之，或屈杉以漆之。高三寸，蓋一寸，底二寸，口徑四寸。則：則以海貝蠣蛤之屬，或以銅鐵竹匕策之類。則者，量也，準也，度也。凡煮水一升，用末方寸匕。若好薄者減之，嗜濃者增之，故雲則也。水方：水方以椆木、槐、楸、梓等合之，其裏並外縫漆之，受一鬥。漉水囊：漉水囊若常用者，其格以生銅鑄之，以備水濕，無有苔穢腥澀。意以熟銅苔穢、鐵腥澀也。林棲穀隱者或用之竹木，木與竹非持久涉遠之具，故用之生銅。其囊織青竹以捲之，裁碧縑以縫之，紐翠鈿以綴之，又作綠油囊以貯之，圓徑五寸，柄一寸五分。瓢：瓢一曰犧杓，剖瓠爲之，或刊木爲之。晉舍人杜毓《荈賦》雲：“酌之以匏。”匏，瓢也，口闊脛薄柄短。永嘉中，餘姚人虞洪入瀑布山採茗，遇一道士云：“吾丹丘子，祈子他日甌犧之餘乞相遺也。”犧，木杓也，今常用以梨木爲之。竹筴：竹筴或以桃、柳、蒲、葵木爲之，或以柿心木爲之，長一尺，銀裹兩頭。鹺簋：鹺簋以瓷爲之，圓徑四寸。若合形，或瓶或罍，貯鹽花也。其揭竹制，長四寸一分，闊九分。揭，策也。熟盂：熟盂以貯熟水，或瓷或沙，受二升。碗：碗，越州上，鼎州次，婺州次，嶽州次，壽州、洪州次。或者以邢州處越州上，殊爲不然。若邢瓷類銀，越瓷類玉，邢不如越一也；若邢瓷類雪，則越瓷類冰，邢不如越二也；邢瓷白而茶色丹，越瓷青而茶色綠，邢不如越三也。晉·杜毓《荈賦》所謂器擇陶揀，出自東甌。甌，越也。甌，越州上口唇不捲，底捲而淺，受半升已下。越州瓷、嶽瓷皆青，青則益茶，茶作白紅之色。邢州瓷白，茶色紅；壽州瓷黃，茶色紫；洪州瓷褐，茶色黑：悉不宜茶。畚：畚以白蒲捲而編之，可貯碗十枚。或用筥，其紙帕，以剡紙夾縫令方，亦十之也。劄：劄緝栟櫚皮以茱萸木夾而縛之。或截竹束而管之，若巨筆形。滌方：滌方以貯滌洗之餘，用楸木合之，制如水方，受八升。滓方：滓方以集諸滓，制如滌方，處五升。巾：巾以絁爲之，長二尺，作二枚，玄用之以潔諸器。具列：具列或作床，或作架，或純木純竹而制之，或木法竹黃黑可扃而漆者，長三尺，闊二尺，高六寸，其到者悉斂諸器物，悉以陳列也。都籃：都籃以悉設諸器而名之。以竹篾內作三角方眼，外以雙篾闊者經之，以單篾纖者縛之，遞壓雙經作方眼，使玲瓏。高一尺五寸，底闊一尺，高二寸，長二尺四寸，闊二尺。

五之煮凡灸茶，慎勿於風燼間灸，熛焰如鑽，使炎涼不均。持以逼火，屢其翻正，候炮出培塿狀，蝦蟆背，然後去火五寸，捲而舒則本其始，又灸之。若火幹者，以氣熟止；日幹者，以柔止。其始若茶之至嫩者，茶罷熱搗葉爛而牙筍存焉。假以力者，持千鈞杵亦不之爛，如漆科珠，壯士接之不能駐其指，及就則似無禳骨也。灸之，則其節若倪，倪如嬰兒之臂耳。既而承熱用紙囊貯之，精華之氣無所散越。候寒末之其火用炭，次用勁薪。其炭曾經燔灸，爲膻膩所及，及膏木敗器不用之。古人有勞薪之味，信哉！其水，用山水上，江水中，井水下。其山水，揀乳泉石地慢流者上，其瀑湧湍漱勿食之，久食令人有頸疾。又多別流於山谷者，澄浸不泄，自火天至霜郊以前，或潛龍畜毒於其間，飲者可決之以流其惡，使新泉涓涓然酌之。其江水，取去人遠者。井取汲多者。其沸如魚目，微有聲爲一沸，緣邊如湧泉連珠爲二沸，騰波鼓浪爲三沸，已上水老不可食也。初沸則水合量，調之以鹽味，謂棄其啜餘，無乃𪉦𪊇而鍾其一味乎？第二沸出水一瓢，以竹筴環激湯心，則量末當中心，而下有頃勢若奔濤，濺沫以所出水止之，而育其華也。凡酌置諸碗，令沫餑均。沫餑，湯之華也。華之薄者曰沫，厚者曰餑，細輕者曰花，如棗花漂漂然於環池之上。又如回潭曲渚，青萍之始生；又如晴天爽朗，有浮雲鱗然。其沫者，若綠錢浮於水渭，又如菊英墮於鐏俎之中。餑者以滓煮之。及沸則重華累沫，皤皤然若積雪耳。《荈賦》所謂“煥如積雪，燁若春艸敷”，有之。第一煮水沸，而棄其沫之上，有水膜如黑雲母，飲之則其味不正。其第一者爲雋永，或留熟以貯之，以備育華救沸之用。諸第一與第二第三碗，次之第四第五碗，外非渴甚莫之飲。凡煮水一升，酌分五碗，乘熱連飲之，以重濁凝其下，精英浮其上。如冷則精英隨氣而竭，飲啜不消亦然矣。茶性儉，不宜廣，則其味黯澹，且如一滿碗，啜半而味寡，況其廣乎！其色緗也，其馨𣣑也。其味甘樌也；不甘而苦，荈也；啜苦咽甘，茶也。

六之飲翼而飛，毛而走，去而言，此三者俱生於天地間。飲啄以活，飲之時，義遠矣哉。至若救渴，飲之以漿；蠲憂忿，飲之以酒；蕩昏寐，飲之以茶。茶之爲飲，發乎神農氏，間於魯周公，齊有晏嬰，漢有揚雄、司馬相如，吳有韋曜，晉有劉琨、張載遠、祖納、謝安、左思之徒，皆飲焉。滂時浸俗，盛於國朝，兩都並荊俞間，以爲比屋之飲。飲有粗茶、散茶、末茶、餅茶者，乃斫，乃熬，乃煬，乃舂，貯於瓶缶之中，以湯沃焉，謂之痷茶。或用蔥、薑、棗、橘皮、茱萸、薄荷之等，煮之百沸，或揚令滑，或煮去沫，斯溝渠間棄水耳，而習俗不已。於戲！天育萬物皆有至妙，人之所工，但獵淺易。所庇者屋屋精極，所著者衣衣精極，所飽者飲食，食與酒皆精極之。茶有九難：一曰造，二曰別，三曰器，四曰火，五曰水，六曰炙，七曰末，八曰煮，九曰飲。陰採夜焙非造也，嚼味嗅香非別也，膻鼎腥甌非器也，膏薪庖炭非火也，飛湍壅潦非水也，外熟內生非炙也，碧粉縹塵非末也，操艱攪遽非煮也，夏興冬廢非飲也。夫珍鮮馥烈者，其碗數三；次之者，碗數五。若坐客數至，五行三碗，至七行五碗。若六人已下，不約碗數，但闕一人而已，其雋永補所闕人。

七之事王皇炎帝。神農氏。周魯周公旦。齊相晏嬰。漢仙人丹丘子。黃山君司馬文。園令相如。楊執戟雄。吳歸命侯。韋太傅弘嗣。晉惠帝。劉司空琨。琨兄子兗州刺史演。張黃門孟陽。傅司隸鹹。江洗馬充。孫參軍楚。左記室太沖。陸吳興納。納兄子會稽內史俶。謝冠軍安石。郭弘農璞。桓揚州溫。杜舍人毓。武康小山寺釋法瑤。沛國夏侯愷。餘姚虞洪。北地傅巽。丹陽弘君舉。安任育。宣城秦精。敦煌單道開。剡縣陳務妻。廣陵老姥。河內山謙之。後魏琅琊王肅。宋新安王子鸞。鸞弟豫章王子尚。鮑昭妹令暉。八公山沙門譚濟。齊世祖武帝。梁·劉廷尉。陶先生弘景。皇朝徐英公勣。《神農·食經》：“茶茗久服，令人有力、悅志”。周公《爾雅》：“檟，苦茶。”《廣雅》雲：“荊巴間採葉作餅，葉老者餅成，以米膏出之，欲煮茗飲，先灸，令赤色，搗末置瓷器中，以湯澆覆之，用蔥、薑、橘子芼之，其飲醒酒，令人不眠。” 《晏子春秋》：“嬰相齊景公時，食脫粟之飯，灸三戈五卯茗萊而已。” 司馬相如《凡將篇》：“烏啄桔梗芫華，款冬貝母木櫱蔞，芩草芍藥桂漏蘆，蜚廉雚菌荈詫，白斂白芷菖蒲，芒消莞椒茱萸。” 《方言》：“蜀西南人謂茶曰葭。” 《吳志·韋曜傳》：“孫皓每饗宴坐席，無不率以七勝爲限。雖不盡入口，皆澆灌取盡，曜飲酒不過二升，皓初禮異，密賜茶荈以代酒。” 《晉中興書》：“陸納爲吳興太守，時衛將軍謝安常欲詣納，納兄子俶怪納，無所備，不敢問之，乃私蓄十數人饌。安既至，所設唯茶果而已。俶遂陳盛饌珍羞必具，及安去，納杖俶四十，雲：‘汝既不能光益叔父，柰何穢吾素業？’” 《晉書》：“桓溫爲揚州牧，性儉，每燕飲，唯下七奠，拌茶果而已。” 《搜神記》：“夏侯愷因疾死，宗人字苟奴，察見鬼神，見愷來收馬，並病其妻，著平上幘單衣入，坐生時西壁大床，就人覓茶飲。” 劉琨《與兄子南兗州刺史演書》雲：“前得安州幹薑一斤、桂一斤、黃芩一斤，皆所須也，吾體中潰悶，常仰真茶，汝可置之。” 傅咸《司隸教》曰：“聞南方有以困蜀嫗作茶粥賣，爲簾事打破其器具。又賣餅於市，而禁茶粥以蜀姥何哉！” 《神異記》：“餘姚人虞洪入山採茗，遇一道士牽三青牛，引洪至瀑布山曰：‘予丹丘子也。聞子善具飲，常思見惠。山中有大茗可以相給，祈子他日有甌犧之餘，乞相遺也。’因立奠祀。後常令家人入山，獲大茗焉。” 左思《嬌女詩》：“吾家有嬌女，皎皎頗白皙。小字爲紈素，口齒自清曆。有姊字惠芳，眉目粲如畫。馳騖翔園林，果下皆生摘。貪華風雨中，倏忽數百適。心爲茶荈劇，吹噓對鼎䥶。” 張孟陽《登成都樓詩》雲：“借問楊子舍，想見長卿廬。程卓累千金，驕侈擬五侯。門有連騎客，翠帶腰吳鈎。鼎食隨時進，百和妙且殊。披林採秋橘，臨江釣春魚。黑子過龍醢，果饌逾蟹蝑。芳茶冠六情，溢味播九區。人生苟安樂，茲土聊可娛。” 《傳巽七誨》：“蒲桃、宛柰、齊柿、燕慄、峘陽黃梨、巫山朱橘、南中茶子、西極石蜜。” 弘君舉食檄：寒溫既畢，應下霜華之茗，三爵而終，應下諸蔗、木瓜、元李、楊梅、五味橄欖、懸豹、葵羹各一杯。孫楚歌：‘茱萸出芳樹顛，鯉魚出洛水泉，白鹽出河東，美豉出魯淵。薑桂茶荈出巴蜀，椒橘、木蘭出高山，蓼蘇出溝渠，精稗出中田。’” 華佗《食論》：“苦茶久食益意思。” 壺居士《食忌》：“苦茶久食羽化。與韭同食，令人體重。”郭璞《爾雅註》云：“樹小似梔子，冬生葉，可煮羹飲，今呼早取爲茶，晚取爲茗，或一曰荈，蜀人名之苦茶。” 《世說》：“任瞻字育長，少時有令名。自過江失志，既下飲，問人雲：‘此爲茶爲茗？’覺人有怪色，乃自分明雲：‘向問飲爲熱爲冷？’” 《續搜神記·晉武帝》：“宣城人秦精，常入武昌山採茗，遇一毛人長丈餘，引精至山下，示以叢茗而去。俄而複還，乃探懷中橘以遺精，精怖，負茗而歸。” 晉四王起事，惠帝蒙塵，還洛陽，黃門以瓦盂盛茶上至尊。《異苑》：“剡縣陳務妻少，與二子寡居，好飲茶茗。以宅中有古塚，每飲，輒先祀之。二子患之曰：‘古塚何知？徒以勞。’意欲掘去之，母苦禁而止。其夜夢一人雲：吾止此塚三百餘年，卿二子恆欲見毀，賴相保護，又享吾佳茗，雖潛壤朽骨，豈忘翳桑之報。及曉，於庭中獲錢十萬，似久埋者，但貫新耳。母告，二子慚之，從是禱饋愈甚。” 《廣陵耆老傳》：“晉元帝時有老姥，每旦獨提一器茗，往市鬻之，市人競買，自旦至夕，其器不減，所得錢散路傍孤貧乞人。人或異之，州法曹縶之獄中，至夜，老姥執所鬻茗器，從獄牖中飛出。” 《藝術傳》：“敦煌人單道開不畏寒暑，常服小石子。所服藥有松桂蜜之氣，所餘茶蘇而已。 ”釋道該說《續名僧傳》：“宋釋法瑤姓楊氏，河東人，永嘉中過江遇沈台真，請真君武康小山寺，年垂懸車，飯所飲茶，永明中敕吳興禮致上京，年七十九。” 《宋江氏家傳》：“江統字應遷，湣懷太子洗馬，常上疏諫雲：‘今西園賣醯面藍子菜茶之屬，虧敗國體。’” 《宋錄》：“新安王子鸞、豫章王子尚，詣曇濟道人於八公山，道人設茶茗，子尚味之曰：此甘露也，何言茶茗。” 王微《雜詩》：“寂寂掩高閣，寥寥空廣廈。待君竟不歸，收領今就檟。鮑昭妹令暉著《香茗賦》。南齊世祖武皇帝遺詔：“我靈座上，慎勿以牲爲祭，但設餅果、茶飲、乾飯、酒脯而已。” 梁劉孝綽、謝晉安王餉米等，啓傳詔：李孟孫宣教旨，垂賜米、酒、瓜、筍、菹、脯、酢、茗八種，氣苾新城，味芳雲松。江潭抽節，邁昌荇之珍；疆場擢翹，越葺精之美。羞非純束野麏，裛似雪之驢；鮓異陶瓶河鯉，操如瓊之粲。茗同食粲酢，顔望楫免，千里宿舂，省三月種聚。小人懷惠，大懿難忘。陶弘景《雜錄》：“苦茶輕換膏，昔丹丘子青山君服之。” 《後魏錄》：“琅琊王肅仕南朝，好茗飲蓴羹。及還北地，又好羊肉酪漿，人或問之：茗何如酪？肅曰：茗不堪與酪爲奴。” 《桐君錄》：“西陽武昌廬江昔陵好茗，皆東人作清茗。茗有餑，飲之宜人。凡可飲之物，皆多取其葉，天門冬、拔揳取根，皆益人。又巴東別有真茗茶，煎飲令人不眠。俗中多煮檀葉，並大皂李作茶，並冷。又南方有瓜蘆木，亦似茗，至苦澀，取爲屑茶，飲亦可通夜不眠。煮鹽人但資此飲，而交廣最重，客來先設，乃加以香芼輩。《坤元錄》：“辰州漵浦縣西北三百五十裏無射山，雲蠻俗當吉慶之時，親族集會，歌舞於山上，山多茶樹。” 《括地圖》：“臨遂縣東一百四十裏有茶溪。” 山謙之《吳興記》：“烏程縣西二十裏有溫山，出禦荈。《夷陵圖經》：“黃牛、荊門、女觀望州等山，茶茗出焉。” 《永嘉圖經》：“永嘉縣東三百裡有白茶山。” 《淮陰圖經》：“山陽縣南二十裏有茶坡。” 《茶陵圖經》云：“茶陵者，所謂陵穀，生茶茗焉。”《本草·木部》：“茗，苦茶，味甘苦，微寒，無毒，主瘻瘡，利小便，去痰渴熱，令人少睡。秋採之苦，主下氣消食。註雲：春採之。” 《本草·菜部》：“苦茶，一名荼，一名選，一名遊冬。生益州川谷山陵道傍，淩冬不死。三月三日採幹。註雲：疑此即是今茶，一名荼，令人不眠。本草註。”按《詩》云“誰謂荼苦”，又云“ 堇荼如飴”，皆苦菜也。陶謂之苦茶，木類，非菜流。茗，春採謂之苦𣗪荄。《枕中方》：“療積年瘻，苦茶、蜈蚣並灸，令香熟，等分搗篩，煮甘草湯洗，以末傅之。” 《孺子方》：“療小兒無故驚蹶，以蔥須煮服之。”

八之出山南以峽州上，襄州、荊州次，衡州下，金州、梁州又下。淮南以光州上，義陽郡、舒州次，壽州下，蘄州、黃州又下。浙西以湖州上，常州次，宣州、杭州、睦州、歙州下，潤州、蘇州又下。劍南以彭州上，綿州、蜀州次，邛州次，雅州、瀘州下，眉州、漢州又下。浙東以越州上，明州、婺州次，台州下。黔中生恩州、播州、費州、夷州，江南生鄂州、袁州、吉州，嶺南生福州、建州、韶州、象州。其恩、播、費、夷、鄂、袁、吉、福、建、泉、韶、象十一州未詳。往往得之，其味極佳。

九之略其造具，若方春禁火之時，於野寺山園叢手而掇，乃蒸，乃舂，乃復以火乾之，則又棨、樸、焙、貫、棚、穿、育等七事皆廢。其煮器，若松間石上可坐，則具列廢，用槁薪鼎櫪之屬，則風爐、灰承、炭撾、火筴、交床等廢；若瞰泉臨澗，則水方、滌方、漉水囊廢。若五人已下，茶可末而精者，則羅廢；若援藟躋岩，引絙入洞，於山口灸而末之，或紙包合貯，則碾、拂末等廢；既瓢、碗、筴、札、熟盂、醝簋悉以一筥盛之，則都籃廢。但城邑之中，王公之門，二十四器闕一，則茶廢矣！

十之圖

以絹素或四幅或六幅，分佈寫之，陳諸座隅，則茶之源、之具、之造、之器、之煮、之飲、之事、之出、之略，目擊而存，於是《茶經》之始終備焉。

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